The individual-scale gap: smart people who know what to do and do not do it, because knowledge is declarative and performance is procedural.
Building on Pfeffer and Sutton's Knowing-Doing Gap (2000), the term is reserved here for the individual scale. Expertise research explains why knowing is structurally insufficient: experience predicts performance only weakly, and at the moment of truth explicit knowledge is actively harmful, because pressure triggers conscious reinvestment in rules that disrupts automated skill.
The bottleneck is embodiment. The remedy is deliberate, pressure-hardened practice; training under simulated pressure produces a medium-to-large improvement in performance under real pressure. This is the diagnosis behind Sales Kung Fu 销售功夫: sellers who know Challenger or MEDDICC and still fail in high-stakes moments. Kung Fu in the literal sense: skill acquired through practice.